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The Main Kinds of Woven Fabric and How to Tell Them Apart Every kind of woven fabric comes down to how two sets of yarn cross each other on a loom, and almost all of them trace back to just three structures. Woven fabric is cloth made by interlacing a lengthwise “warp” yarn with a crosswise “weft” yarn at a right angle, and the specific pattern of that crossing determines whether you end up with denim, chiffon, or upholstery-grade canvas. The three foundational weave families are plain, twill, and satin. Nearly every named fabric, from muslin to charmeuse, is a variant or combination of one …